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TANZANIA |
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Area |
883.749 Kmq |
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Capital
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Dodoma | ||
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Language
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Swahili, English | ||
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Currency
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Tanzanian shilling | ||
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Religion
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Muslim, Traditional cults, Christian | ||
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Population
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35.306.126 | ||
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Population annual growth
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2,5% | ||
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Urban population
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25% | ||
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Life expentancy at birth
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52 years | ||
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Mortalità infantile |
80 per 1.000 |
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Age group enrolment %
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Primary 70%, Secondary 6%, Tertiary 1% | ||
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Dailies
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10 per 1.000 ab. | ||
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Radio
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26 per 1.000 ab. | ||
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Televisions
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GNP per capita
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$220 | ||
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Exports
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$ 828millions | ||
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Imports
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$ 1440millions | ||
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(Fonts - population, annual growth, life expectancy, infant mortality, imports and exports: The World Factbook 2000, www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook
- GNP per capita: UNDP, Human Development Report 2000, Oxford 2000
- other infos: Instituto del Tercer Mundo, Guya del mondo 1999/2000, Montevideo 1999)
www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook
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HISTORY The home of the most ancient fossils of the human species ever found, the history of Tanzania in modern times is based first on the influence of the Arab civilization and then the ruinous European colonial intervention, in particular by Britain, which took full control over the region then called Tanganyika (excluding the isle of Zanzibar, formally subject to a sultanate) around 1915. The nationalist feelings of the people of Tanganiyka, led by the father of the country J. Nyerere, resulted in independence in 1961, followed by the federation with Zanzibar in the United Republic of Tanzania. A supporter of the principles of "African Socialism" and a champion of non-alignment, Nyerere did not succeed however in giving a satisfactory boost to the economy: the experience of the uijamaa, rural village communities which was to have guaranteed food self-sufficiency, was doomed to failure. The 1980s, with the passage of power from Nyerere to Ali Hassan Mwinyi, were characterized by the progressive democratization of the country, through the introduction of a multi-party system, but also by the progressive dependence on international funding, with the unsuccessful attempt to open up to private capital to cope with this situation. The economy of Tanzania is mainly agricultural, involving about 90% of the population; the role of mineral resources is limited; the development of tourism is fair, especially in recent decades. The majority of the inhabitants of Tanzania are of the Bantu ethnic group; other groups include the Nilotic group, to which the Masai belong, a people of nomadic herders who are tenaciously conservative in their traditions and scarcely integrated or involved in the modernization of the country. |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY RUTAKAMIZE-FAGGIOLI, Tanzania Bologna: Cefa 1981 BERRINI, Kenya Tanzania, Clup 1989 BURZIO M., Tanzania : viaggio nella STORY e nel paese, Milano : Idealibri 1995 DARCH C., Tanzania, Oxford : Clio press 1996 VACCHI, Africa Orientale: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Bergamo: Cesvi 1996
MUSIC Daunilodi Bwelele za Kiswahili |
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ITALIAN NGO IN TANZANIA ALM, GAO, MSP, CEFA, AMREF, CMSR, CUAMM, SUCOS, CAST, CIC, LVIA, SCSF, VISES |
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