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MOROCCO |
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Area |
446.550 Kmq |
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Capital
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Rabat | ||
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Language
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Arabic, French | ||
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Currency
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Dirham | ||
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Religion
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Muslim | ||
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Population
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30.122.350 | ||
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Population annual growth
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1,1% | ||
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Urban population
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52,6% | ||
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Life expentancy at birth
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69 years | ||
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Mortalità infantile |
50 per 1.000 |
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Age group enrolment %
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Primary 80%, Secondary 42%, Tertiary 11% | ||
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Dailies
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10 per 1.000 ab. | ||
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Radio
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219 per 1.000 ab. | ||
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Televisions
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70 per 1.000 ab. | ||
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GNP per capita
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$ 1.240 | ||
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Exports
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$ 5.800millions | ||
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Imports
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$ 8.300millions | ||
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(Fonts - population, annual growth, life expectancy, infant mortality, imports and exports: The World Factbook 2000, www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook
- GNP per capita: UNDP, Human Development Report 2000, Oxford 2000
- other infos: Instituto del Tercer Mundo, Guya del mondo 1999/2000, Montevideo 1999)
www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook
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HISTORY Morocco is an important part of the geo-political area called the Maghreb (the "west" of the Arab nation, as opposed to the Mashrek, the "orient"), almost twenty times as large as Italy and stretching along the southern coast of the Mediterranean and comprising, in addition to Morocco, Algeria, Mauritania, Tunisia and Libya. Morocco's full sovereignty was recognized only in 1956 when, following the nationalist unrest directed by the "United Party for Independence" (Istiqlal), France and Spain gave up their respective protectorates. In 1961, King Hassan II ascended to the throne, exercising his power over the whole country and controlling all the political parties allowed by the constitutional monarchy. In 1999 King Hassan II died and ascended to the throne his son, Mohammed VI. Morocco, ever since independence, has gone through serious economic crises, due first to the war begun in 1975 with the occupation of the Western Sahara and the subsequent difficulties deriving from the war effort and then due to the terrible drought on 1980-81 which provoked food shortages and led the country to intolerable levels of indebtedness. In 1992 Morocco embarked on a process of economic recovery, but this was interrupted in 1995 once again because of drought. The country's population is about 27,000,000, 70% of whom are Arabs and 30% Berber. It is precisely the historic presence of the Berber language and culture in this region that is the specificity of the Maghreb compared to the Mashrek. Despite the strong Berber component of the Moroccan population, from the ethnological and cultural point of view, Morocco does not appear culturally homogeneous, in part due to the many influences it has undergone in the past and in part due to migratory flows. The majority of Moroccans are Muslims, mainly Sunni, with a percentage reaching 98.7% of the population and a tiny minority, about 1%, of Christians and Jews. Three languages are spoken: Berber, Arabic and French. In some coastal areas the influence of Spanish is still felt. |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY CALCHI NOVATI (a cura di), Maghreb-Le guide del Saggiatore Il Saggiatore-Mondadori, 1993 PETRONCELLI E. - CARUSO I. (a cura di), Maghreb : Algeria Marocco Tunisia verso uno sviluppo sostenibile, Napoli : Edizioni scientifiche italiane 1997 BELHATTI H. M., Marocco : STORY economia e risorse, societa e tradizioni, arte e cultura, Religion, Bologna : Pendragon 2000 PENNELL R., Morocco since 1830 : a history, London : Hurst & Co. 2000
MUSIC BALDASSARRE-SBARAGLI (a cura di), Marocco, Suoni da una terra antica, Si.Lab |
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ITALIAN NGO IN MAROCCO |
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