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KENYA |
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Area |
580.367 Kmq |
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Capital
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Nairobi | ||
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Language
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English, Swahili | ||
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Currency
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Kenyan shilling | ||
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Religion
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Majority is christian | ||
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Population
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30.339.770 | ||
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Population annual growth
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1.5% | ||
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Urban population
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29,5% | ||
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Life expentancy at birth
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47 years | ||
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Mortalità infantile |
68 per 1.000 |
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Age group enrolment %
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Primary 91%, Secondary 28% | ||
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Dailies
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10 per 1.000 ab. | ||
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Radio
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88 per 1.000 ab. | ||
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Televisions
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20 per 1.000 ab. | ||
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GNP per capita
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$ 350 | ||
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Exports
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$ 2.200 millions | ||
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Imports
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$ 2.300 millions | ||
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(Fonts - population, annual growth, life expectancy, infant mortality, imports and exports: The World Factbook 2000, www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook
- GNP per capita: UNDP, Human Development Report 2000, Oxford 2000
- other infos: Instituto del Tercer Mundo, Guya del mondo 1999/2000, Montevideo 1999)
www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook
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HISTORY An active area in the ivory and slave trade, towards the end of the 19th century Kenya became a British protectorate and was gradually settled by European planters in the central regions populated by Kikuyu farmers, who were gradually dispossessed of their lands. In 1944, the Kenya African Union (KAU) was founded with the aim of claiming back the lands and which, united with similar movements of rebellion in the country and despite the bloody repression by the British, obtained increasingly greater autonomy for the country. In the 1963 elections, the formation led by Jomo Kenyatta - Kenya African National Union (KANU), with a centrist orientation and a Kikuyu base - defeated the federalist party representing the minor ethnic groups. A few months afterwards, Kenya declared its independence, as a member of the Commonwealth and Kenyatta became the first President of the Republic. Over the years his presidency inclined towards an increasingly marked autocracy; political life in the country was continuously perturbed by violent internal tensions in the ruling party. On his death, in 1978, he was succeeded by D. Arap Moi, who continued along an almost dictatorial line, at the expense of the most elementary human rights and provoking increasingly pressing dissent. The 1990s were characterized by an opening by Moi to a multi-party system, also due to strong international pressure and by the deregulation of foreign trade which has not however improved an economy based on agriculture that is constantly threatened by drought and pollution. From the ethnic point of view, the majority of Kenyans belong to Bantu and Nilotic (masai) groups, mainly animists and with farming-herding traditions. The ethnic melting pot has encouraged an interesting cultural development of the country, contributing to a very rich production of tales, legends and songs in Swahili. ETNIE |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY BERRINI A., Kenya, Tanzania, Milano : CLUP 1989 FRESCO S., Kenya, Milano : Moizzi 1995 TRILLO R., Kenya, Bologna : FuoriThema-Tempistretti 1995 VACCHI, Africa Orientale:Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Bergamo: Cesvi, 1996 Kenyaweb - Kenya's Definitive Internet Resource
MUSIC KAMENYI WAHOME J., MUSICl instruments : a resource book on traditional MUSICl instruments of Kenya : pupils' book, Nairobi : Jemisik Cultural Books, 1986 |
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ITALIAN NGO IN KENYA ACCRI, AICOS, APS, CESVITEM, CISP, LVIA, MAC, AES CCC, AIFO, AMANI, AMREF, ASI, FB, SVI, UPD, ALM, ASMO, CCM, MSF, NSS, TEN, MMI, PROMOND |
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