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Traditionally, the GANDIRA, a membranophone common in the western region of Zimbabwe, consists of a flat circular band of wood on to which is stretched a skin, fixed to the instrument by wooden nails and laces, also made of skin. Inside the thin circular case (obtained from a tree called MUSHAMBA) there are two wooden cross-bars which help the tambourine keep its shape. The musician uses this wooden bar as a grip, whilst with the other hand he beats on the skin with very short touches. The dimension of the GANDIRA can vary from a few dozen centimetres to the circumference of a bicycle wheel. The instrument is common mainly with the SHANGANI and NDAU communities in the area of Chipinge. The GANDIRA is used during an acrobatic dance known as MUCHOGOYO.
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